Mental development is very extensive. It includes many areas such as the baby’s ability to explore, study and make sense of the world around him through the senses of hearing, sight, touch, smell and taste, memory capacity, thought processes, knowledge and problem solving ability. In the first year of the baby, first of all, the senses that he needs to explore and make sense of his surroundings develop.
The mental development of the baby begins in the womb. The baby begins to learn and understand his surroundings mainly with the sense of hearing in the womb. He learns the voice of his mother and father before he comes into the world and reacts to their voices.
Research has shown that the baby learns the sounds he often hears in the womb and becomes unresponsive to these sounds, in addition, he reacts to the sounds he has just heard by moving. In order for the baby to develop mentally and learn, he needs to be in a good relationship with his environment.
The newborn baby can see, hear, smell and taste. From the moment the baby is born, he can hear and react to the sounds around him, while the sense of vision is still very weak. He can see objects and people only at a distance of 15-20cm from his face.
The distance at which the mother holds her baby to breastfeed is the ideal distance for the baby to see the mother and to establish a relationship between mother and child Decently. During breastfeeding moments, the mother should make eye contact with her baby as much as possible and talk to him. The baby whose visual attention is short in the first three months is 4. together with the moon, it can focus on objects near it for a longer time.
From the first weeks of the baby’s birth, showing and naming different objects to him at distances that he can see will support his mental development, form the foundations of language and teach him to communicate.
Baby 2, who is sensitive to sounds from the moment he is born. from the month he can turn his head towards the sounds around him, during this period he can start calling the baby by name, baby 7. when his name is mentioned on the moon, he will start looking back. It is necessary to make the baby listen to different sounds, take him for short walks outside the house and name the sounds he hears around.
Baby who is sensitive to sounds 5. he will make a sound around the moon, he will like the sounds he makes himself, he will also like this sound that he will make noise by hitting a toy he has in his hand somewhere. In the following months, he will begin to imitate what is said when talking to himself, he will begin to sort the syllables without understanding the meaning. Showing interest in the sounds made by the baby, listening to him and responding to him as if chatting will help the baby learn words and start talking.
7 the month is when the baby begins to express himself with the movements he makes and the sounds he makes. Examples of this are the sounds he makes to make a move towards a toy he wants to buy, to raise his arms when he wants to be held, and to indicate various wishes (the meaning of which the parents will learn over time).
In the last months of the first year, the baby now begins to explore his surroundings more thoroughly and look for lost objects. He begins to understand what is said to him and follow simple instructions. The baby, who is approaching the age of one, has developed hand-eye coordination and will want to do most things on his own, such as eat his food and drink his water. The baby’s attempts to eat on his own should not be prevented, hand-eye coordination and independence should be supported.
The baby, who explores his surroundings with much greater excitement, is a very good observer, trying to imitate the movements, conversations and actions of the parents 11. it starts on the moon. In the last two months of the first year, the baby looks for and finds the toy that the parents hid, he knows that it also exists when objects and people are no longer in sight. He makes speech experiments, tries to say simple words, albeit incorrectly.
The mental development of the baby is a process that begins in the womb and continues without stopping. From the moment of birth, the visual, auditory and tactile senses of the baby should be stimulated, the senses of smell and taste should be triggered.
The baby should be left free to explore. Knowing that the baby’s senses are open and ready from the moment he is born, parents can contribute to the mental development of the baby by providing the right resources at the right times. Talking to the baby constantly, showing and naming objects that are often used and seen, and making him touch and feel these objects are on-site practices. It should be remembered that for a healthy mental development, the baby must be in communication with his environment, encounter many stimuli.
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